句子的基本类型 句子的类型

     简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句

1、简单句    只包含一个主谓结构，个个成分都是单词或短语的句子。

 

All roads lead to Rome.

He got up, dressed quickly, washed himself and went out.

Is he a superman?

Don’t be shy. Have a try.

The man dressed in black seems to be a spy.

 

2、并列句   包含两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，分句由并列连词and,then,but,or,or else,so,for,while,when;both…and,either…or,neither…nor,not only…,but also,as well as等来连接。

He is a basketball fan, and his wife is a volleyball fan.

Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.

Don’t be late, for there is a meeting.

Hurry up, or you’ll be late.

He works hard while his brother is a lazy bone.

He was enjoying his KFC when a friend came.

 

3、复合句    复合句的某个成分，如主语、宾语、表语、同位语、定语、状语等，由另一个句子承当。

（1）名词性从句

      主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句统称为名词性从句。

宾语从句注意事项：引导词、语序、时态呼应、语态。

主语/表语/同位从句注意事项：引导词、语序、语态。

注意：a. whether与if的区别；

      b.陈述句变来的名词性从句由什么引导。那么，一

                 般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、感叹句变

                 来的呢？

 

（2）定语从句=先行词+引导词+其它。

引导词的选用取决于：

a)先行词；

b）先行词的修饰语；

c）引导词在定语从句中的成分。

注意：定语从句中的主谓一致；

He was the only one of the boys who was praised by the headmaster at the meeting.

 

(3)状语从句  即用作状语的分句,可作下列状语：

 

1、时间（after,before,as,when,while,since,till,until,

   whenever,as long as,as soon as;the moment,every time,next time;no sooner…than,hardly…when ）；

2、地点（where,wherever） ；

3、方式（as,as if,as though） ；

4、程度（as…as, more than,so…that,such…that） ；

5、原因（because,since,as,now that,that） ；

6、结果（,so that,so…that,such…that） ；

7、目的（so that,in order that,in case） ；

8、条件（if,unless） ；

9.让步（though,although,even if,even though,in spite of the fact that ,whenever,wherever,whoever,whichever,

However,no matter how,whether） 。

   

(4)并列复合句,  即:并列连词连接了带从句的并列句。

e.g

English is widely used in the world, but China has the largest number of people who speak Chinese.