中考题型点拨之听力部分（二）

二、 对话理解的题型解析与解题技巧

 

对话理解题是各省、市中考试卷中必考题型，对话理解题的出题形式是：录音中提供一个小对话或一篇小短文，且在小对话或小短文的末尾加一个问句，要求考生针对此问句从试卷上选出最佳答案。做对话理解题主要应注意两点：一是要注意听懂小对话或小短文的含义，二是要听懂所提问题。而在听问题时要特别注意该问题是属于哪个疑问句类型，是一般疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句还是特殊疑问句。不过从经验上来看，用来提此问题的主要是特殊疑问句。若所听的是特殊疑问句，那就要注意听清其疑问词。可以这样说，听懂对话或短文是前提，而抓住问句中的疑问词则是关键。

1.短对话： 每道题一段对话即由两人进行的一问一答式的对话，并提出一个问题，根据你所听到的对话和对话后的问题选出能回答所提问题的最佳选项，每两个小对话之间约有10秒钟的时间供你答题和快速阅下一个小题。要做好这类题，就得在我们听对话和问题，选答案之前，首先要浏览选项，了解有关信息和预测话题，然后要听对话的有关内容，特别注重有关选项的内容。有些题目涉及到数字、电话号码、时间、日期、天气温度、飞机航班、家庭地址等，我们就有必要听时做一点记录，还要带着问题听：谁（who），什么事（what），何时（when），何地（where），怎样（how），为什么（why）等,这样人们才能提高答题的正确率。

例1.根据你所听到的对话和对话后的问题选择正确答案。

（ ）1.A. Today. B. Every day. C. Yesterday .

（ ）2. A. Ann does . B. Jim does . C. Lucy does .

录音材料：

1.M：Do you have an English class today ?

W：Yes , I do . and I also had it yesterday .

M：How often do you have an English class ?

W：Every day .

Question : How often does the girl have an English class ?

2.M：Hi , Ann , do you have a dictionary ?

W：Sorry , I don’t . But Lucy has one .

M：Where is Lucy ?

W：She is on the playground .

Question :Who has a dictionary ?

解析：要做好此类题，首先要浏览选项，了解有关信息和预测话题，然后要听对话的有关内容,第1题可以通过对话的最后两句来选出 every day，故正确选项是B；第2小题可以根据录音中的 Sorry，…but Lucy has one. 来判定选项C是正确的。

例2.听小对话，请从A、B、C三个选项中选择正确的选项。

1. Where’s the man going?

A. To a bookshop． B. To a museum． C. To a post office.

2. How long will the woman stay in the hotel?

A. For two days． B. For three days． C. For four days.

录音材料及解析：

1. M: Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest post office is?

W: The post office? Yes．Look! It’s just next to the museum over there．

M: I see．Thanks a lot.

解析：侧重考查学生捕捉、筛选、预测信息的能力，通过第一句话could you tell me where the nearest post office is?我们就很容易的选出正确的选项C；

2.M: Good morning. The Great Wall Hotel!

W: Good morning! I want to book a double room for three days from June 10th to 12th.

从I want to book a double room for three days from June 10th to 12th.这句话中我们可以捕捉两个知识点three days 和 from June 10th to 12th ，通过这两个信息提示我们就不难选出three days，故正确的选项是B。

2.长对话：听一段完整的对话,根据对话内容选出能回答所给几个问题的正确答案或补全表格中所缺的信息，每空一词。对话一般读两遍或三遍。

例1. 听录音，判断下列各句的正(T)误(F)。

1. Lucy is Tina's best friend, and they never have arguments.

2. Tina doesn't like making a telephone to her friend because it's too troublesome.

3. It is Lucy's birthday next Sunday.

4. Tina will go to Lucy's house with CDs.

5. Lucy will be fifteen years old.

录音原文：

Boy: Hey, Tina. What s wrong. You look unhappy.

Girl: I had an argument with my best friend, Lucy. What should I do?

B: Well, you could write a letter mad say sorry to her.

G: Oh, I don t like writing letters. It is too troublesome.

B: Maybe you should call her up.

G: No, I don't want to talk about it on the phone.

B: Well, you should say you’re sorry.

G: Yes, I know I should, but it's not easy. I don't think she can forgive me.

B: Oh, I remember it’s her birthday next Sunday. You should go to her house with some flowers.

G: Well. That s a good idea. I will buy her fifteen flowers. It will surprise her, I think.

B: Fifteen? She will be as old as I.

解析: 1. F 根据对话开头女孩解释她不高兴的原因是刚和好朋友Lucy吵架了，可判断题目中的前半句是正确的，但后半句说她们从没争吵过是错误的，所以此句是错误的。

2. F 对话中用表示提议的句型You could write a letter and say sorry to her.提出建议，Tina回答说不喜欢写信，觉得写信太麻烦(too troublesome)，所以同题目中的打电话不符，此题判断为错误。

3. T 对话中男孩的原话“我记得下周日是她的生日”和题目的表述吻合，所以判断为正确。本题考查对周日到周六一星期中各天英文名词的听力理解。

4. F 对话中Tina说I will buy her fifteen flowers. I will surprise her.(我要给她买15支花，给她一个惊喜。)由此可判断Tina不是带CD去Lucy的家。

5. T 对话中提到Tina要为Lucy的生日买15支花使她惊喜，男孩的话Fifteen? She will be as old as I. 意为“15岁吗? 她将和我一样大”。as…as…是同级比较，意思是“和……一样”。据此可判断Lucy将满15周岁，题目的表述和对话内容一致，所以是正确的。

例2. 听对话，在横线上填上有关的信息，每空一词。

录音原文：

 

M: Hello! Zhao Shuang! Did you watch the football match last Tuesday?

W: No, I didn’t.

M: What a pity! It was so exciting.

W: Which teams were in the match?

M: Class 5 and Class 8.

W: I think Class 5 must win. It's a strong team.

M: Oh, no, you are wrong. Class 5 rely had some good players, but the most important thing is teamwork and Class 8 did better. They won 3:2 at the last moment.

W: Really? Where did they have the match?

M: On the school playground.

W: Next time I won’t miss it.

解析：1. football 直接考查听力理解。 2. Tuesday 考查星期的辨别及拼写。3. 8／Eight 听力题目中需写具体数字时，用阿拉伯数字或英语单词都行，直接写数字省事一些，但需注意掌握具体数目的英文正确读法和写法。此题涉及班级的写法，属于专有名词，需大写首字母，注意班级英文在前，数目在后，与中文表达相反。4. 2 考查对基数词的听力理解及比分的正确读法。3：2读作three to two。5. playground 考查where对地点提问的理解及单词拼写。